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What are Java Servlets?

Servlets are generic extensions to Java-enabled servers. Their most common use is to extend Web servers, providing a very secure, portable, and easy-to-use replacement for CGI. A servlet is a dynamically loaded module that services requests from a Web server. It runs entirely inside the Java Virtual Machine. Because the servlet is running on the server side, it does not depend on browser compatibility.

Practical Applications for Java Servlets

Servlets can be used for any number of Web-related applications. The following are three examples :

• Developing e-commerce "store fronts" will become one of the most common uses for Java servlets. A servlet can build an online catalog based on the contents of a database. It can then present this catalog to the customer using dynamic HTML. The customer will choose the items to be ordered, enter the shipping and billing information, and then submit the data to the servlet. When the servlet receives the posted data, it will process the orders and place them in the database for fulfillment. Every one of these processes can be easily implemented using Java servlets.

• Servlets can be used to deploy Websites that open up large legacy systems on the Internet. Many companies have massive amounts of data stored on large mainframe systems. These businesses do not want to re-architect their systems, so they choose to provide inexpensive Web interfaces into them. Because you have the entire JDK at your disposal and security provided by the Web server, you can use servlets to interface into these systems using anything from TCP/IP to CORBA.